Enclosure, Ballycahan, Co. Clare

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballycahan, Co. Clare

In the limestone country of Ballycahan in County Clare, there sits an enclosure that has spent decades resisting easy classification.

It was provisionally catalogued as a possible cashel, which is a stone-walled enclosure of early medieval origin typically used to protect a farmstead or dwelling, but when surveyors examined it on the ground in 1998, what they found did not quite fit the expected form. Rather than a roughly circular or oval structure, the enclosure turns out to be square, roughly twenty metres by twenty metres, with a D-shaped area extending from its eastern side. The walls are built in drystone construction and run between 0.8 and 1 metre in width. That combination of a square footprint and an appended curved section is unusual enough to give anyone with an interest in early Irish field monuments pause.

The uncertainty does not end with the shape. When the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch maps were consulted, a circular enclosure was shown very close to this location, which complicated matters further. It remains unresolved whether the OS cartographers were depicting this same structure and simply representing it inaccurately, or whether the circular feature they recorded was a different enclosure entirely, one lying to the south-east. The landscape around it offers little immediate help with that question. The enclosure sits in a clearing of coarse grassland surrounded by limestone pavement and hazel scrub, a distinctly Burren-type setting where ancient field systems and enclosures can be obscured, overlaid, or partially dismantled across centuries of agricultural use. Whether the square structure and the mapped circular one are the same monument misread, or two separate features in close proximity, remains an open question.

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