Enclosure, Ballycrovane, Co. Cork

Co. Cork |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballycrovane, Co. Cork

On the southern shore of Lough Fadda in West Cork, a cutaway bog holds a cluster of features that refuse to resolve into a single, tidy story.

There are small stone enclosures, a buried stone circle, unexplained alignments, and a trio of pits where people once cut timber from the bog itself. Taken together, they suggest a landscape that was used, abandoned, reused, and quietly forgotten across several different periods.

The most immediately visible elements are four small sub-rectangular enclosures, each between four and five metres long and two to four metres wide, defined by loose or loosely-set stone and known locally as "the clocháns". The word clochán ordinarily refers to a dry-stone beehive-shaped hut of early medieval type, and while these enclosures are far simpler in construction, the name suggests some folk memory of their age or purpose. Beneath the most westerly of them lies an oval or near-circular arrangement of low-set stones, roughly seven by eight metres across, some placed edge to edge; this stone circle appears to predate the enclosures above it, preserved by the very peat that obscured it. Elsewhere in the bog, two lines of stones run roughly north to south, one of thirteen stones covering about ten metres, another lying some two hundred metres to the north-east. Their relationship to one another and to the enclosures is unclear. More legible, at least in human terms, are the saw-pits. A saw-pit was a long, narrow trench, typically about a metre and a half deep, in which a log was suspended so that two sawyers could work a two-handled saw from above and below. Three are recorded here. One, known as Clais Donnacha Oig, measures four metres long and 1.2 metres wide and is associated by local tradition with the cutting of bog-wood during the 1700s. Bog-wood is ancient timber preserved in the anaerobic conditions of the peat, dense and often resinous, and historically valued for fuel and construction when other timber was scarce. A second pit, Clais na Sál, is said to be where wooden soles for shoes were shaped; the third is called Clais an adhmaid, meaning roughly "the timber trench". That three separate names survive suggests these workings were a real and remembered part of local industry, even as the bog slowly reclaimed the ground around them.

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