Enclosure, Ballycuddihy), Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballycuddihy), Co. Kilkenny

At Ballycuddihy in Co. Kilkenny, four ancient enclosures once sat in a loose east-west line across rolling grassland, close enough to one another to suggest they functioned as a group.

Today, not one of them can be seen from ground level. They exist now only as cropmarks, the faint seasonal signatures that buried or levelled features leave in growing crops when viewed from the air, a category of evidence that often holds the only legible trace of an entire class of rural archaeology.

The 1839 first-edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map recorded all four enclosures clearly, and the particular enclosure at Ballycuddihy was shown as a rectangular form, roughly 40 metres north to south and 30 metres east to west, sharing a boundary with a neighbouring enclosure to its west. A limekiln, a small stone-built structure used to burn limestone into agricultural lime for soil improvement, was marked in the enclosure's north-west corner. By the time the Ordnance Survey revised the map around 1900, all four enclosures had disappeared from the cartographic record, which points to their having been levelled sometime in the intervening six decades, most likely through agricultural clearance. A 1971 aerial photograph, taken as part of the Cambridge University Committee for Aerial Photography archive, brought them back into view, the rectangular outline of this enclosure appearing with distinctively rounded corners beneath the crops.

The site sits on gently rising ground between a river bottom and higher land to the east, with open views across the surrounding countryside. That openness, and the cluster arrangement of the four enclosures, might once have made the place feel purposeful and legible in the landscape. None of that is recoverable at ground level now, which gives the aerial photograph a particular weight: it is the only modern witness to a pattern of enclosure that survived long enough to be mapped in 1839, and was gone before the century was out.

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