Enclosure, Ballymacoda, Co. Cork

Co. Cork |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballymacoda, Co. Cork

On the ground, there is nothing to see.

No earthwork, no stone, no obvious depression in the field. The only evidence that something once stood at Ballymacoda, in east Cork, came from the air, and then only briefly, in the dry summer heat of July 1996.

Aerial photography has revealed a great deal of Ireland's buried archaeology, and this site is a quiet example of how that process works. When soil conditions are right, usually during a prolonged dry spell, crops growing above buried features begin to show differential growth. A filled-in fosse, which is a ditch typically dug around an enclosure for boundary or defensive purposes, retains more moisture than the surrounding subsoil, producing lusher, taller vegetation above it. From altitude, these variations in crop colour and height resolve into shapes, and those shapes can reveal the outlines of long-vanished structures. Dr G. F. Barrett photographed exactly this kind of cropmark at Ballymacoda in 1996, capturing the trace of a circular enclosure defined by just such a fosse. The photograph, catalogued as GB96.GR.25, is the sole surviving record of the feature's existence.

Circular enclosures of this kind are common across the Irish landscape and could represent anything from a ringfort, the most widespread monument type in Ireland, to a later agricultural enclosure. Without excavation, it is impossible to say more about what this particular site was, who built it, or when. It survives only as a pale ring in a summer photograph, visible for perhaps a few weeks before the rains returned and the cropmark closed over again.

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