Enclosure, Ballyspellan, Co. Kilkenny

Co. Kilkenny |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Ballyspellan, Co. Kilkenny

In the rolling grassland above Ballyspellan, on the cusp where a gentle valley slope gives way to steeper upland ground, there is a circle roughly forty metres across that no longer exists in any visible sense.

It cannot be seen at ground level. No bank survives, no ditch, no trace that would catch the eye of a passing walker. The only reason we know it was ever there is that someone recorded it in 1839, when the Ordnance Survey sent its teams across Ireland to produce the first edition six-inch maps, and the enclosure was still legible in the landscape at that point, even if it has since been entirely levelled.

Circular enclosures of this kind are among the most common archaeological features in the Irish countryside. They range from substantial ringforts, which served as enclosed farmsteads throughout the early medieval period, to more ambiguous sites whose function and date remain uncertain. At Ballyspellan, the enclosure's original purpose is unknown. What survives is essentially a cartographic ghost: a circle committed to paper during the 1839 survey and since erased by agriculture or time. A second levelled enclosure sits roughly seventy metres to the north-north-west, suggesting this part of the Kilkenny uplands once held a small cluster of enclosed activity, though what that activity was, and when it occurred, the ground is no longer able to say.

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