Enclosure, Ballyspellan, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Enclosures
On a west-facing slope in County Kilkenny, a large oval earthwork sits quietly in pasture, its full extent invisible to anyone walking past.
From ground level, all that announces it is a low, very wide bank and a gently saucer-shaped interior that dips toward its own centre, the kind of landform that can read as nothing more than a soft irregularity in a field. It takes an aerial perspective to reveal what is actually there: not one enclosure but two, a roughly 50-metre inner ring sitting inside an outer circuit of around 100 metres, with the fosses, the ditches dug to define the boundary of each ring, showing up as distinct cropmarks when conditions are right.
The monument was already old enough to be recorded on the first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1839, which marked it as a large oval enclosure measuring roughly 97 metres on its long axis. When a field inspection was carried out in 1987, the earthwork remained traceable on the ground, with maximum dimensions of around 92 metres by 66 metres. Then an aerial photograph taken on 20 August 1991 reframed the whole thing, making legible the double-enclosure plan that ground-level survey had not fully captured. Cropmarks occur when buried ditches or banks influence the growth of overlying grass or crops differently from the surrounding soil, allowing features that have long since lost their visible relief to be read from above. The concentric arrangement here, along with two field boundaries running from the north-northeast quadrant and a possible roadway extending northwestward from the enclosure for roughly 150 metres, suggests this was once a structured place within a wider organised landscape, even if the period and purpose remain unspecified in the record.