Enclosure, Barnacullia, Co. Dublin

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Barnacullia, Co. Dublin

Somewhere on the upper north-facing slopes of Three Rock Mountain, south of Dublin, there is a circular enclosure roughly 32 metres across that you could walk directly over without ever knowing it was there.

It leaves no impression on the surface, no raised bank, no hollow, no obvious break in the vegetation. It is, by the most literal measure, invisible at ground level.

The enclosure was recorded on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1843, one of the most ambitious cartographic projects ever undertaken in Ireland, which documented field monuments across the country with a thoroughness that has since proved invaluable to archaeologists. An enclosure of this type typically refers to a roughly circular or oval area defined by a bank, wall, or ditch, and such features on Irish uplands can range in date and function from prehistoric settlements to early medieval farmsteads. The Barnacullia example was compiled by researchers Geraldine Stout and Padraig Clancy, whose survey work brought it back into documented focus, though its precise origins and purpose remain unspecified in the available record.

Three Rock Mountain is accessible from several points on the southern fringes of the city, and the general area attracts walkers familiar with the Dublin Mountains. The enclosure sits on the upper northern slopes, so anyone approaching from the Barnacullia side and heading uphill will be moving in roughly the right direction, though without specialist survey equipment or a georeferenced map layer there is little chance of pinpointing the feature precisely. That is, in a sense, the point of coming here. The landscape holds something that the nineteenth-century mapmakers considered worth recording, something that has since retreated entirely beneath the surface, and the act of walking across ground like this with that knowledge changes how the hill feels underfoot.

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Pete F
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