Enclosure, Beagh, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Enclosures
On an east-facing slope in Beagh, County Galway, there is a site that exists more as a cartographic memory than a physical one.
The Ordnance Survey six-inch maps, those meticulous nineteenth-century surveys that recorded Ireland's landscape in extraordinary detail, show a circular enclosure roughly thirty metres in diameter. In the field today, no visible trace of it remains. The ground gives nothing away.
Circular enclosures of this kind are a common feature of the Irish archaeological landscape, typically the remains of a ringfort, a type of enclosed farmstead used throughout the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. They were usually defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches, enclosing a space in which a family would have lived and kept livestock. The Beagh example was already compromised when it was mapped, cut by a field boundary at its north-west and eastern sides, which suggests that agricultural reorganisation had begun breaking up its outline even before the OS surveyors arrived. Whatever earthwork survived into the nineteenth century has since been levelled entirely, absorbed into the surrounding grassland. A related earthwork survives approximately a hundred and fifty metres to the north-east, which hints that this part of Beagh once held a more substantial cluster of early settlement activity than the current, unremarkable landscape would suggest.