Enclosure, Boulabally, Co. Limerick

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Boulabally, Co. Limerick

What was found beneath a field in Boulabally, County Limerick, was not what the developers had in mind.

In 2005, routine monitoring of topsoil stripping for a holiday home development on the lands of Adare Manor revealed a large semicircular enclosure that had never appeared on any Ordnance Survey historic mapping. Below the surface of what had been intensively farmed agricultural land, archaeologists uncovered a ditch enclosing an area roughly 30 metres north to south and 20 metres east to west, with the ditch itself reaching a maximum depth of 1.76 metres. At the base of that ditch lay human skeletal remains, the hands deliberately crossed, a detail that places the burial firmly within the Early Christian period, broadly the fifth to twelfth centuries, when such practices were associated with Christian funerary rites.

The excavation was carried out under licence by Ross McLeod and John Kavanagh, and the monument they uncovered sits within the housing scheme now known as Adare Villas, about 170 metres south-east of the Adare Demesne townland boundary and roughly 580 metres west of the River Maigue. An enclosure of this kind, a roughly circular area defined by a ditch, is a feature type common across early medieval Ireland, sometimes associated with settlement, sometimes with burial or ritual use. Here, there was no evidence of habitation inside the enclosure itself, which makes the single interment in the ditch all the more puzzling. The surrounding landscape offered further fragments of activity: a small metalworking pit and several anomalous pits lying 145 metres to the south, and a cluster of cremation pits recovered 240 metres to the south-east, pointing to a locality that had drawn repeated human attention across different periods.

Because this monument was identified during development monitoring rather than through planned survey, and because it is now overlain by a housing scheme, there is little for a visitor to see on the ground today. The site lies close to Adare village, but the enclosure itself is not accessible or marked. Its significance is largely archival: a reminder that the familiar, much-altered fields around one of Limerick's best-known demesnes had their own earlier occupants, whose traces survived only because a watching brief happened to catch the moment before the topsoil was taken away.

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