Enclosure, Bunacrower, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Enclosures
In the rolling pasture around Bunacrower, amid outcrops of bare rock, there is a site that has essentially ceased to exist above ground.
A circular enclosure, once visible enough to be recorded on the Ordnance Survey map of 1838, has since been levelled entirely, leaving no surface traces that a visitor could identify. What was mapped is now just grass and field, which makes the site an odd kind of historical object: documented, located, and yet practically invisible.
The enclosure was possibly a ringfort, the most common type of early medieval settlement in Ireland. Ringforts, typically circular earthen or stone-walled enclosures, were built in their thousands across the country between roughly the fifth and twelfth centuries, serving as farmsteads and occasional places of refuge. The Bunacrower example was noted for its circular form, and the surrounding rock outcrop suggests a landscape that would have been familiar to whoever originally constructed it. By the time D. Lavelle compiled an archaeological survey of the Ballinrobe district in 1994, the enclosure had already been lost to levelling, its presence reconstructed from the 1838 map rather than from anything remaining on the ground.