Enclosure, Caherbullog, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Enclosures
On the east-facing slopes of a ridge in County Clare, half-swallowed by hazel scrub, sits a small circular enclosure that is easy to miss and harder to date.
It measures roughly thirteen metres across, its perimeter marked by a low, largely collapsed stone wall that was once carefully faced on both inner and outer surfaces. What survives is uneven: the wall stands best from the south around to the northwest, where internal heights still reach over a metre in places, while elsewhere the outer facing-stones have toppled and lean outward into the undergrowth. At the north edge, two large stones remain upright, and a gap at the north-northwest reads clearly as an animal gap, the kind of narrow opening left deliberately in an enclosure wall to allow sheep or cattle through while preventing them from straying altogether.
Enclosures of this general type, sometimes called cashels or cahers when built in stone, were a common feature of the early medieval Irish landscape, used variously as farmstead enclosures, cattle pounds, or boundaries around dwelling sites. The place-name Caherbullog itself contains the Irish word caher, pointing to just such a stone enclosure tradition. What makes this particular site quietly interesting is its setting within what survives as an extensive multiperiod field system, meaning the landscape around it preserves traces of agricultural organisation laid down across several different eras, the enclosure being just one layer in a much longer story of how this hillside was used and managed. The site was already recorded on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1915, though its origins lie considerably further back than that cartographic moment.
The interior, now rocky and overgrown, offers little to read on the surface, but the views from the ridge eastward over a low valley are broad and open, stretching from northeast to south. The hazel that crowds the site today would have been absent when the enclosure was in active use, and the position on the slope, commanding sight-lines across the valley below, was almost certainly deliberate rather than incidental.