Enclosure, Cahercarney, Co. Galway

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Cahercarney, Co. Galway

At Cahercarney in County Galway, there is a site that exists more as a cartographic memory than a physical one.

A circular enclosure roughly forty metres across was recorded on the 1922 edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, plotted on an east-facing slope in what is now open pastureland. Today, no visible trace of it remains at ground level. The land gives nothing away.

Circular enclosures of this kind are among the most common archaeological features in the Irish landscape, typically interpreted as the remains of raths or ringforts, the enclosed farmsteads that were built and occupied throughout the early medieval period, roughly the fifth to twelfth centuries. A rath usually consisted of an earthen bank and ditch encircling a domestic area, and the name Cahercarney itself hints at something older still, "caher" deriving from the Irish "cathair", a term generally applied to a stone-built enclosure of similar function. Whether the mapped feature and the placename refer to the same original structure is impossible to say now. What the 1922 map captured may have been the last legible impression of something that had already been fading for generations, and the subsequent decades of agricultural use appear to have erased whatever earthwork remained.

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