Enclosure, Caherteige, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Enclosures
The townland of Caherteige in County Clare carries its history in its name.
"Caher" derives from the Irish cathair, referring to a stone fort or enclosure, the kind of circular walled structure that dots the west of Ireland and speaks to a way of organising land, livestock, and life that stretches back well over a thousand years. That an enclosure monument is recorded here is, in one sense, entirely expected for this part of Clare. What makes it worth pausing over is precisely how little has filtered through about this particular example, leaving it as something of a quiet presence on the archaeological map.
Enclosures of this type in the Irish midlands and west were typically constructed during the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries, and served a variety of purposes. Some were the fortified homesteads of farmers and minor lords, their walls of unmortared stone built thick enough to deter cattle raiders. Others may have had more ceremonial or boundary-marking functions. The cashel or caher form, distinct from earthen ringforts known as raths, relied on dry-stone construction, a technique that, where left undisturbed, can survive remarkably intact across the centuries. Clare, sitting on the limestone plateau of the Burren and its fringes, has particularly good conditions for this kind of preservation, the thin soils and low tillage pressure having spared many such structures from the plough.