Enclosure, Cappagh, Co. Kerry

Co. Kerry |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Cappagh, Co. Kerry

On the first edition of the Ordnance Survey map of Ireland, two small conjoined enclosures are clearly marked near Cappagh in County Kerry.

Surveyors in the field could not find them. Local people had no knowledge of them either. What the map shows, in other words, is something that may no longer exist, or possibly never existed in the form recorded, leaving behind only a cartographic trace in pastureland overlooking the Finglas river.

Enclosures of this kind, typically defined by an earthen bank or stone wall encircling a domestic or agricultural space, are among the most common archaeological features in the Irish countryside. Conjoined examples, where two such enclosures share or abut a boundary, are less frequently noted, and their function can range from settlement to stock management. The first edition Ordnance Survey maps, produced in the 1830s and 1840s, were extraordinarily detailed for their time, and their surveyors were generally careful recorders of earthworks visible on the ground. That these features were marked at all suggests they were either visible at the time of survey or reported by someone with local knowledge. A. O'Sullivan and J. Sheehan, compiling their archaeological survey of the Iveragh Peninsula published by Cork University Press in 1996, noted the pair at this location but were unable to confirm their survival on the ground.

What remains is a question rather than a site. The enclosures may have been levelled by agricultural improvement in the intervening century and a half, or the original mapping may have recorded a feature already reduced to near-invisibility. The pasture overlooking the Finglas river gives no obvious sign of them today. Some places earn their interest not from what can be seen, but from what the map insists should be there.

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