Enclosure, Caraunkeelwy, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Enclosures
In the level grassland of Caraunkeelwy in north County Galway, there is a field boundary that quietly marks the edge of something that no longer exists.
Nineteenth-century Ordnance Survey maps record a roughly circular enclosure here, around 35 metres in diameter, ringed by that boundary. Today, the enclosure itself has left no visible trace on the surface of the ground. The field boundary survives; the thing it once enclosed does not, at least not in any form the eye can read.
Circular enclosures of this kind are among the most common archaeological features in the Irish landscape. They range from the substantial stone-walled ringforts that sheltered early medieval farmsteads to simpler, earthen-banked enclosures whose origins and purposes are harder to pin down. Without excavation, it is rarely possible to say with confidence what such a feature contained or when it was constructed. What the OS 6-inch maps, surveyed in the nineteenth century, captured was already a remnant, a shape in the land that the cartographers considered worth recording even then. The fact that even that shape is now gone speaks to the gradual flattening of the Irish countryside under centuries of agriculture and land improvement.