Enclosure, Carran, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Carran, Co. Cork

On a south-facing hillslope above the Coomhola valley in west Cork, a circle of old stone is slowly disappearing into the bog.

The enclosure at Carran is modest in scale, just ten metres across, and much of it has already been swallowed by the peat. Only the western and eastern sections of the wall protrude clearly above the surface, reaching about half a metre in height and sixty centimetres in thickness. The southern arc, which faces downhill into the slope, has sunk almost entirely from view.

Enclosures of this kind are a common but often poorly understood feature of the Irish landscape. Broadly, the term refers to a defined area bounded by a wall, bank, or ditch, and they appear across a wide span of Irish prehistory and early history, serving purposes that range from settlement and agriculture to ritual use. Without excavation it is rarely possible to say which function any individual example served. What can be said about this one is that it did not stand alone. Relict field boundaries, the ghostly outlines of old agricultural plots, survive in the rough pasture about sixty metres to the north-east, and a second enclosure lies roughly seventy metres to the south-south-east. Taken together, these features suggest a small cluster of human activity on this hillside, the full extent and date of which remains unclear.

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Pete F
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