Enclosure, Castledaly, Co. Galway
Co. Galway |
Enclosures
In a field near Castledaly in County Galway, there is a monument that has almost entirely ceased to exist.
What survives is a shallow arc of filled-in ditch, running from the northwest to the north, and even that is easy to miss. Yet the 1921 edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map recorded something more substantial here: a roughly subrectangular enclosure measuring approximately fifty metres along its northwest-to-southeast axis and around thirty-eight metres across. It was already described as truncated even then, suggesting that agricultural pressure had been wearing it down for some time before cartographers noted its outline.
Enclosures of this general type are among the most common, and most quietly erased, archaeological features in the Irish landscape. They could serve any number of purposes depending on their period and context, from early medieval farmsteads to enclosures associated with religious or funerary activity, and without excavation it is rarely possible to say which category applies. What can be said of the Castledaly example is that a field boundary running northwest to southeast has cut directly across it, entering from the west and exiting toward the southeast, while the southwestern portion of the original enclosure has vanished entirely, leaving no surface trace. The fosse, which is the term for the ditch that typically defined such an enclosure's outer boundary, survives only as that faint arc in the northern portion of the site, filled in and level with the surrounding pastureland.