Enclosure, Cloghane, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Enclosures
The most telling thing about this site near Moneycashen village, just outside Cloghane in north Kerry, is what the maps show it becoming over time.
On the first edition Ordnance Survey map, it appears clearly as a circular enclosure, the kind of roughly ringfort-shaped earthwork that dots the Irish countryside in the thousands, typically dating from the early medieval period and serving as a defended farmstead or high-status residence. By the revised edition of 1915 to 1916, only fragments of the enclosing bank remained legible, specifically the arc running from the south-west around through the south to the south-east. The rest had been quietly absorbed into the surrounding field boundaries, its curves straightened and repurposed as ordinary agricultural divisions.
That gradual disappearance is itself a kind of record. Circular enclosures, or raths, were built up from earthen banks and sometimes accompanied by a fosse, or external ditch, and they once numbered in their tens of thousands across Ireland. The process of losing them is well documented: land improvement schemes, drainage works, and the slow pressure of farming practice all contributed. Here, the absorption into fieldbanks happened incrementally enough that the 1915 to 1916 surveyors could still trace the southern arc, but the site has since been levelled entirely, leaving no surface trace remaining at all.