Enclosure, Clooneen, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Enclosures
In a pasture field on the edge of Clooneen in County Mayo, there is a place that exists more convincingly on paper than it does in the ground.
A circular embanked enclosure, somewhere between eighteen and twenty metres across, was recorded on the Ordnance Survey's six-inch map of 1838, drawn with enough confidence to suggest it was a real and legible feature at the time. By the later map editions, it had vanished from the cartographic record entirely. Today, standing at the eastern edge of that rectangular field, with a road to one side and a farmyard at the back, there is nothing to see at ground level whatsoever.
The 1838 OS six-inch maps, produced during the first systematic survey of Ireland, were remarkably thorough in recording earthworks, enclosures, and other features that were already ancient by that point. A circular embanked enclosure of this size would most likely have been a ringfort, or rath, the kind of enclosed farmstead built across Ireland roughly between the early medieval period and the Norman arrival, often consisting of a circular earthen bank and ditch surrounding a domestic space. That the surveyors recorded it in 1838 but that it was absent from later editions suggests it was levelled sometime in the nineteenth century, cleared perhaps during agricultural improvement or land reorganisation. What had survived for potentially a thousand years or more was gone within a few decades of first being formally noted.