Enclosure, Coolawaleen, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Coolawaleen, Co. Cork

At Coolawaleen in north County Cork, a small oval earthwork lies hidden beneath farmland, invisible at ground level but briefly legible from the air.

It belongs to a category of site known only through cropmarks, the faint differential growth patterns that appear in grass or grain when buried ditches, or fosses, retain moisture differently from the surrounding soil. In the right conditions, from the right altitude, the outline of a fosse, the enclosing ditch of a long-vanished structure, can still betray itself in shades of green and yellow.

The enclosure was identified in aerial photography taken in July 1989 as part of the Cork Aerial Survey and Archaeological Project. What the photographs revealed was a roughly oval outline, approximately thirty metres in diameter, positioned asymmetrically to the west of centre within the interior of a larger enclosure nearby. That nesting arrangement, one enclosed space sitting inside another but off-centre, is the detail that sets this site apart from a straightforward ringfort or field boundary. The outer enclosure is recorded separately, and the relationship between the two remains unexplained by the available evidence. Whether the inner enclosure is earlier, later, or broadly contemporary with its larger neighbour is not something the cropmark evidence alone can resolve.

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