Enclosure, Coolcull Big, Co. Wexford

Co. Wexford |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Coolcull Big, Co. Wexford

At Coolcull Big in County Wexford, an ancient enclosure exists in the most provisional sense: visible only from the air, and even then only faintly.

The site does not announce itself to anyone walking the land. Stand in the pasture above it and there is nothing to see, no earthwork, no ridge, no hollow. The enclosure reveals itself only when crops grow over it and the buried remains affect how the soil retains moisture, producing the differential growth patterns that show up in aerial photography as cropmarks, those ghostly outlines that archaeologists have long relied upon to find what the ground refuses to show at surface level.

What the aerial photograph captured is an oval area roughly 70 metres east to west and 55 metres north to south, sitting on a slight north-facing slope. The shape is consistent with the kind of enclosed settlements that appear across Ireland from the prehistoric period through to the early medieval, though the cropmark here is described as faint and uncertain, meaning the outline cannot be read with full confidence. Enclosures of this type, essentially a bounded area defined by a bank, ditch, or wall, served many purposes depending on their period and context, from farmstead boundaries to ritual or funerary use. Without excavation, this one keeps its purpose to itself.

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