Enclosure, Cooleeshal More, Co. Kilkenny

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Cooleeshal More, Co. Kilkenny

In a field in Cooleeshal More, County Kilkenny, there is an ancient enclosure that you cannot see by standing in it.

It reveals itself only from the air, as a faint cropmark pressed into the earth, a ghostly circle roughly 35 metres across that becomes legible only when the differential growth of crops above buried features catches the light at the right angle and altitude. What makes this site quietly unusual is that it does not stand alone: it sits joined at the hip, so to speak, to a second enclosure of similar size immediately to the north-west, the two curvilinear forms conjoined like a pair of rings.

The site sits on the southern bank of a small stream that drains into the River Nore about 300 metres to the north-east. Both enclosures are defined by a fosse, a term for a defensive or boundary ditch dug into the ground, and it is the shadow of that buried ditch which produces the cropmark visible in aerial photography. The paired arrangement was identified from aerial photographs taken on 29 July 1996. Cropmark enclosures of this curvilinear type are generally associated with early medieval settlement in Ireland, though without excavation it is impossible to say with certainty what activity took place within them or precisely when they were in use. The fact that two such enclosures are conjoined here suggests a more complex history of occupation or function than a single ring alone would imply, perhaps successive phases of use, or separate but related activities carried out in adjacent spaces.

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Pete F
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