Enclosure, Coolnacrutta, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Enclosures
Beneath a tilled field in Coolnacrutta, County Kilkenny, the outline of a roughly circular enclosure lies completely invisible to anyone walking the ground.
No earthwork rises above the surface, no bank or ditch interrupts the soil. The only way to see it is from above, where the buried fosse, a defensive or boundary ditch dug into the earth in antiquity, leaves a faint but legible signature in the crops growing over it. Plants rooted above a filled ditch tend to behave differently from those in the surrounding soil, drawing differently on moisture and nutrients, and in dry conditions especially this difference becomes visible as a cropmark, a variation in colour or growth height that satellite imagery can capture with surprising clarity.
The enclosure measures approximately 44 metres in diameter and was identified by Jean-Charles Caillère through examination of satellite imagery. What makes the site quietly remarkable is that it does not stand alone. Around 230 metres to the north, two further enclosures of the same type are visible as cropmarks in the same imagery, suggesting this corner of Kilkenny once held a cluster of enclosed spaces whose purposes, and whose dates, remain unestablished. Circular enclosures of this general kind appear throughout Ireland across a very long period, associated variously with early medieval settlement, ringfort-type habitation, or earlier ceremonial use, though without excavation it is not possible to say which category, if any, applies here.