Enclosure, Creggaun, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Creggaun, Co. Galway

In a marshy field in the townland of Creggaun, County Galway, sits an enclosure that has been quietly disappearing for decades.

Roughly rectangular in plan and measuring approximately 44 metres north to south by 37 metres east to west, it is the kind of early earthwork that can be easy to overlook precisely because so little of it remains visible above ground. An enclosure of this type would originally have consisted of a bank and perhaps a fosse, the term for a surrounding ditch, forming a defined boundary around a settlement, farmstead, or area of agricultural or ritual significance. Here, the bank has been worn down to little more than a low, uneven ridge, and what may have been an external fosse survives only as a faint, shallow depression roughly a metre wide.

When the site was first formally inspected in January 1984, the remains were already in poor condition. The earthwork was defined partly by a denuded bank, surviving to an internal height of just 0.35 metres and an external height of 0.9 metres, and partly by a natural or modified scarp averaging 0.8 metres in height. Across the southern interior, a townland boundary wall had been built cutting roughly east to west through the enclosure, effectively dividing the monument and obscuring any bank to the north of it. Inside the enclosure, faint traces of lazy beds, the parallel ridges left by traditional spade cultivation, ran north to south, suggesting the interior was worked as agricultural ground at some point after the enclosure fell out of its original use. When the site was revisited in November 2001, the situation had changed significantly: the area to the north of the boundary wall, accounting for roughly three quarters of the monument, had been planted over with trees entirely, further burying and compressing whatever earthwork survived beneath.

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