Enclosure, Curraghagalla, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Enclosures
In a level pasture in the townland of Curraghagalla in north Cork, a low grassy bank traces out a rough rectangle in the ground, and local people have long called it a fort.
That word carries real archaeological weight in an Irish context. What is described formally as an enclosure is almost certainly a ringfort or ráth, the kind of enclosed farmstead that was built in its thousands across Ireland during the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. These were not military fortifications in any grand sense but domestic compounds, the homesteads of farming families, defined by one or more earthen banks and ditches.
The enclosure measures approximately 28.7 metres north to south and 23.6 metres east to west, making it a modest but reasonably complete example of the type. The surrounding bank is grass-covered and survives to an internal height of around 0.7 metres, with the external face standing slightly higher at 0.8 metres. Its corners are rounded rather than sharp, which is typical of this class of monument. Notably, remnants of stone-facing are still visible on the external face along the northern and western sides, suggesting that the bank was originally revetted in stone to help hold its shape and perhaps to present a more imposing appearance. On the western side, a slight slope down to the base of the bank may point to the former presence of an external fosse, the shallow ditch that would originally have been dug to provide material for the bank and to add a further layer of definition to the enclosure. The southern side of the bank meets an existing field boundary, which may mean the field system has simply grown up around the older monument over the centuries.