Enclosure, Curraghagalla, Co. Cork

Co. Cork |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Curraghagalla, Co. Cork

Some ancient sites announce themselves with tumbled walls or grassy mounds.

This one in Curraghagalla, on a west-north-west-facing slope in County Cork, offers nothing of the sort. Whatever once stood here has been levelled entirely, leaving no visible surface trace on the pasture. Its existence is known almost entirely through maps, and without those documents it would be as if the place had never existed at all.

The Ordnance Survey's six-inch map of 1842 recorded an oval enclosure marked with hachures, the small lines surveyors used to indicate a raised bank or earthwork, with the south-south-west end appearing linear and the north-north-east end slightly pointed. Later editions, from 1906 and 1934, showed a more defined picture: a hachured bank with an external fosse, which is simply a ditch running around the outside of an enclosure, surrounding an oval area roughly 90 metres along its north-north-east to south-south-west axis and about 40 metres across. The 1934 map also recorded a causewayed entrance to the east, meaning a gap in the fosse where the ground was left uncut to allow passage in and out. By the time of that same survey, part of the structure to the north-north-west had already been levelled. At some point after that, the remainder followed.

Enclosures of this type are common across Ireland, often associated with early medieval settlement, though without excavation it is rarely possible to say with confidence what any individual example was used for or when it was built. What makes Curraghagalla quietly interesting is precisely the completeness of its disappearance alongside the precision of its documentary record. Three separate maps, spanning nearly a century, caught it at different stages of its slow erasure.

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