Enclosure, Curraghs, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Curraghs, Co. Cork

At Curraghs in north County Cork, a field in pasture sits on a steep south-facing slope above a stream valley, and to the eye there is absolutely nothing to see.

No earthwork, no stone, no depression in the ground. Yet the Ordnance Survey's six-inch map of 1842 records something quite specific here: a roughly quadrilateral enclosure, approximately 35 metres along its longer axis and 30 metres across, with rounded corners and a road already cutting into its western side. A lime kiln, the kind of small stone structure once used to burn limestone into agricultural lime for spreading on fields, is marked at the north-western corner. Both are gone now, levelled at some point after the map was made.

What the 1842 surveyors captured with their hachured lines, the cartographic shorthand for an earthen bank or raised boundary, was likely the remnant of an early enclosure of the sort that appears throughout Cork and the wider Irish countryside. Such enclosures served various purposes over the centuries, from ringfort-type settlements to later field or garden boundaries, and by the time the Ordnance Survey teams were working through north Cork in the early nineteenth century, many were already diminished or partially absorbed into the working landscape. The road truncating the western side of this one suggests it had already lost whatever protective or settlement function it once held, reduced to a curiosity on a hillside that a farmer and a road-maker between them had been quietly dismantling for years.

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Pete F
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