Enclosure, Donaghmore, Co. Kilkenny

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Donaghmore, Co. Kilkenny

A dry summer in 1989 revealed something that centuries of agriculture had quietly buried at Donaghmore in County Kilkenny.

An aerial photograph taken in July of that year captured a cropmark, the faint shadow left in ripening crops when buried soil disturbances affect how plants grow above them, outlining a curvilinear enclosure roughly 70 metres in diameter. The circle is not complete. Its eastern portion has been removed by quarrying, leaving a cropped arc where a continuous boundary once ran.

The enclosure was defined by a fosse, essentially a ditch dug around the perimeter to demarcate and defend the space within. This kind of enclosed site is a familiar feature of the Irish early medieval landscape, though its specific function here remains unrecorded. What gives this particular site an additional layer of interest is the density of similar features clustered around it. Within a radius of roughly 250 metres, the same landscape holds a ringfort to the north-east, a separate enclosure to the north, another to the south-west, and two ring-ditches to the north-west and west-south-west respectively. Ring-ditches are typically all that survives of burial monuments, the ditches that once surrounded a mound long since levelled by ploughing. The concentration of so many features in such a confined area suggests this part of Kilkenny was not merely settled but repeatedly and deliberately organised over a long period.

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