Enclosure, Dringeen Middle, Co. Mayo
Co. Mayo |
Enclosures
In a field in Dringeen Middle, on a slope facing east across the Mayo countryside, there is an enclosure that you cannot see.
No bank survives, no ditch, no upstanding stonework of any kind. The only evidence that something was once here is a semi-circular soil mark, visible only from the air, where the buried remains of an old boundary cause the grass above to grow in a subtly different shade or density. A modern field fence now runs along the eastern edge, effectively tracing part of whatever once stood here, though the fence's builders almost certainly had no idea.
Soil marks of this kind are a familiar, if ghostly, category of aerial archaeology. When ancient earthworks, whether the walls of a ringfort, the banks of a livestock enclosure, or the ditches of an early settlement, are ploughed flat or simply erode over centuries, they leave traces in the soil chemistry and moisture levels below the surface. From ground level there is nothing to read; from an aircraft, particularly in dry conditions when crop and grass stress is most pronounced, the outline reappears. The Geological Survey of Ireland aerial photography that captured this site recorded a semi-circular form, suggesting a roughly circular enclosure of the kind widely associated in Ireland with early medieval settlement, though the site has not been excavated and no date has been established for it. Circular enclosures, often called ringforts or raths, served as farmsteads and family compounds across Ireland for much of the first millennium AD, and their remains, visible or otherwise, are scattered across the landscape in the tens of thousands.
There is nothing for a visitor to observe from the ground at Dringeen Middle. The enclosure exists, for now, only in the photographic record and in the slight, invisible chemistry of a grazed hillside pasture.