Enclosure, Duninga, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Enclosures
Beneath a tilled field in Duninga, Co. Kilkenny, lies the ghost of a circular enclosure that no living eye has directly seen.
It exists, for now, only as a cropmark, the kind of faint discolouration in growing cereal that becomes legible only from the air, when differences in soil moisture and depth cause plants above buried features to ripen unevenly. A fosse, which is a defensive or boundary ditch cut into the earth, runs around the perimeter of this roughly circular form, and it is the soil disturbance left by that long-filled ditch that the crops have been quietly reporting for decades.
The enclosure was first identified on an aerial photograph taken on 15 July 1989. That image revealed a feature approximately 37 metres in diameter, with the fosse itself measuring around 3 metres in width. Circular enclosures of this kind are among the most common archaeological forms in the Irish landscape; they range from prehistoric ringforts used as defended farmsteads to later ecclesiastical enclosures marking the boundaries of early Christian settlements. Which category this one belongs to remains unknown. What the more recent satellite imagery from July 2018 adds to the picture is two further details: a field boundary cutting roughly east to west through the southern portion of the monument, suggesting the enclosure was already being bisected by later land use, and a patch of dark staining approximately 25 metres by 20 metres pressing into the western quadrant, possibly the signature of waterlogging in the subsoil. That dark area may point to why the enclosure was positioned here in the first place, or it may simply reflect what centuries of agricultural drainage have done, or failed to do, to the surrounding ground.