Enclosure, Dunmore, Co. Kilkenny

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Dunmore, Co. Kilkenny

There is an enclosure at Dunmore in County Kilkenny that cannot be seen by anyone standing in the field where it lies.

By 1987, when a surveyor visited the site, the monument had been levelled entirely, leaving no trace at ground level. And yet it persists, detectable only from above: as a cropmark on aerial photography taken in July 1989, and again on satellite imagery captured in August 2015. Cropmarks form when buried features, ditches, walls, or banks alter the moisture and nutrient content of the soil above them, causing the crops or grass growing over them to ripen or wither differently from the surrounding vegetation. From altitude, these subtle differences in colour and growth reveal what the ground itself conceals.

The enclosure sits on a gentle south-facing slope in undulating grassland east of the rivers Nore and Dinin, and south of the Castlecomer Plateau, with fair views spreading in all directions. The 1946 to 1947 revision of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map recorded it as a roughly sub-square enclosure, approximately 57 metres on its northeast to southwest axis, with fairly straight sides, rounded corners, and an outer fosse, essentially a defensive or boundary ditch, running along the northwest to north-northeast arc. Immediately adjacent to the northwest sector, the same map marks a quarry with lime-kilns. Lime-kilns were small stone furnaces used to burn limestone and produce quicklime for agricultural use and mortar, and their presence here alongside the enclosure suggests a landscape that was actively worked for some considerable time. Whether the quarrying contributed to the eventual levelling of the monument is not recorded, but the proximity is difficult to ignore.

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Pete F
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