Enclosure, Jordanstown, Co. Cork
Co. Cork |
Enclosures
In a field near Jordanstown in north Cork, there is an archaeological site that most people walking past would never know existed.
It has no visible walls, no earthen bank, no surface feature of any kind. What remains is a cropmark, a ghostly outline that only becomes legible from the air, when the buried ditches beneath the soil cause the grass or grain above them to grow at a slightly different rate, betraying the presence of something buried below.
The cropmark, recorded during an aerial survey in July 1989, shows a roughly circular enclosure approximately forty metres in diameter. The feature that makes it particularly interesting is a second, concentric fosse, a ditch dug around the outside of the first, traces of which were noted along the southern side. A fosse of this kind was typically cut to define and defend a settlement, and the double-ditch arrangement suggests this was a site of some significance, possibly a ringfort, the most common monument type in the Irish landscape and one usually associated with early medieval farmsteads. Ringforts, sometimes called raths or lios, were enclosed homesteads in which a family and their livestock sheltered, bounded by one or more earthen banks and their accompanying ditches. That two concentric ditches appear here, even partially, points toward a more elaborate construction than the single-fosse norm.
Because the enclosure survives only as a cropmark, there is nothing physically present for a visitor to observe at ground level. The site belongs to a category of monument that exists more fully in archives and overhead photography than in the field itself, a reminder that a great deal of Irish archaeological evidence is imperceptible without the right conditions of light, season, and altitude.