Enclosure, Kilcanway, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Kilcanway, Co. Cork

In a tillage field near Kilcanway in north County Cork, there is an archaeological site that only reveals itself when the soil is broken.

Above the surface, nothing marks the spot. Beneath the plough-line, the outline of a circular enclosure roughly twelve metres in diameter becomes visible in the disturbed earth, a ghost of a structure that has otherwise been entirely levelled. Most ancient enclosures in Ireland, whether ringforts used as defended farmsteads or ceremonial enclosures of earlier prehistoric periods, survive at least as earthworks. This one does not.

The enclosure was recorded on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1842, depicted using hachures, the short radiating lines surveyors used to indicate raised or banked earthworks. That notation tells us it still had some physical presence when the OS teams moved through north Cork in the early nineteenth century. At some point after that survey, the bank was levelled, most likely through agricultural improvement. What the enclosure originally was, and when it was built, the surviving record does not say. The local knowledge that the outline reappears during ploughing suggests the buried soil layers remain distinct enough to show up as a cropmark or soil mark, a common way that vanished sites announce themselves from below ground.

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