Enclosure, Killoshulan, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Enclosures
In the grassland above Killoshulan in Co. Kilkenny, there is an enclosure that measures roughly 82 metres at its longest and 70 metres across.
You would never know it. The oval outline, clearly legible from the air in aerial photography, leaves no impression at ground level; no earthwork, no raised lip, no shadow in the grass to betray what lies beneath. It is a monument that exists, for all practical purposes, only when seen from above.
The enclosure was identified through an aerial photograph, its shape emerging as a cropmark or soil anomaly invisible to anyone walking the slope. Oval enclosures of this kind are a familiar, if still not fully understood, feature of the Irish landscape; they are generally interpreted as early medieval settlements, the defining bank and ditch of a farmstead or a ringfort whose earthworks have been levelled over centuries of agricultural use. What the OS mapping record adds is a small, melancholy chronology. The first edition Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1839 shows a curving field boundary along the monument's north-western edge, and the revised edition of 1900 records it still in place. That boundary almost certainly followed, or was built along, the original enclosure bank. By 1987, the boundary had been removed and the field ploughed, completing an erasure that had probably been underway since long before anyone thought to document it. The gentle south-facing slope, with its open views across the valley and towards the river plain to the east, would have made it a reasonable place to settle. Now that context survives only in the geometry of an aerial image.