Enclosure, Killure Castle, Co. Galway

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Killure Castle, Co. Galway

By the mid-twentieth century, a large circular enclosure near Killure Castle in County Galway was still visible enough to be mapped.

The third edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, published in 1948, records it clearly: a bivallate enclosure, meaning one defined by two concentric banks and a ditch between them, roughly ninety metres across, with a laneway skirting its western and north-western edges and a small roofed rectangular building sitting at its south-western perimeter. Sometime between that mapping and the present, field clearance removed almost everything. What had been a substantial monument is now, to the casual eye, indistinguishable from ordinary flat grassland.

The traces that remain require patience to read. A curving earthen field boundary running from west to north may preserve the last coherent stretch of the inner bank, though it could easily be mistaken for a routine agricultural boundary. Elsewhere, the enclosure's outline survives only as a barely perceptible rise in the field surface. Between the north and east, and again at the south-east, a wide shallow depression hints at the intervening fosse, the ditch that would have separated the two banks, and a second low rise suggests the outer bank still lurks just beneath the turf. Inside what would have been the enclosed area, a low ridge running roughly east to west, about twenty-eight metres long, adds one further unexplained feature to the puzzle. Enclosures of this type are generally associated with early medieval settlement in Ireland, the larger and more elaborate examples often indicating high-status occupation, but without excavation the date and precise function of this one remain open questions.

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