Enclosure, Kilmore, Co. Kildare
Co. Kildare |
Enclosures
In a field near Kilmore in County Kildare, the ground itself holds a secret that only becomes legible from the air. A circular enclosure roughly 44 metres in diameter lies buried beneath the surface, invisible to anyone walking past, yet revealed in an aerial photograph taken in June 2018 as a crisp cropmark. Cropmarks form when buried features, such as ditches or banks, affect the moisture and nutrient content of the soil above them, causing the crops or grasses growing there to ripen or wilt at slightly different rates than the surrounding vegetation. From altitude, these subtle differences in colour and growth register as ghostly outlines, tracing the shapes of structures that may have been out of use for centuries.
Circular enclosures of this kind are common across the Irish landscape, though the vast majority remain unexcavated and undated. Many are believed to be the remains of ringforts, a type of enclosed farmstead that was widespread during the early medieval period, roughly from the fifth to the twelfth century. A typical ringfort consisted of a circular area enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches, within which a family would have kept livestock and built their dwelling. At around 44 metres in diameter, this example falls within the range typical of such settlements, though without excavation it is impossible to say with confidence what period it belongs to or how it was used. Its presence at Kilmore was identified through a Digital Globe aerial photograph and brought to wider attention by Brian Doyle, whose observation added this otherwise unremarked site to the record of known archaeological features in the county.
