Enclosure, Kilweelran, Co. Clare
Co. Clare |
Enclosures
In a field of level, cleared pastureland in the townland of Kilweelran, County Clare, a faint arc in the ground is almost the only clue that something once stood here.
What survives of this ancient enclosure amounts to little more than a low curving scarp, a slight ridge in the grass that most walkers would step over without a second thought. Yet as recently as the mid-nineteenth century it was mapped as a complete enclosure, and by the early twentieth century it had already begun to disappear, recorded on the 1915 Ordnance Survey edition as only partial. Sixty metres to the south-east lies a children's burial ground, a cillín, the kind of small, unconsecrated plot where unbaptised infants were interred for centuries, kept at the margins of formal graveyards and the official Church.
What makes the site quietly remarkable is what the 1839 Ordnance Survey parish namebooks recorded about the wider landscape. Local knowledge at the time described four ancient forts in the Kilweelran townland arranged in a direct line running roughly east to north-west, spaced about eight chains apart, which works out to approximately 160 metres between each. This enclosure appears to be one of that series. A mound sits around 150 metres to the north, and a second enclosure lies roughly 60 metres to the south, giving some physical substance to that nineteenth-century account. An enclosure in this context would originally have been a roughly circular earthwork, defined by a bank and ditch, most likely a ringfort of early medieval date, the kind of enclosed farmstead that was once a common feature of the Irish countryside. That four such features were once prominent enough to be described as a deliberate alignment suggests a landscape that was far more legible to its inhabitants in 1839 than it is today, when agriculture has steadily smoothed the evidence into near-invisibility.