Enclosure, Knavinstown, Co. Kildare

Co. Kildare |

Enclosures

Enclosure, Knavinstown, Co. Kildare

On a west-facing slope at the base of Red Hill in County Kildare, a field that looks entirely unremarkable from the ground holds the ghost of a large circular enclosure roughly 58 metres across. There is almost nothing to see in person, just a slight rise in the earth tracing a curve from the south-east to the south. The monument never made it onto any edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map, which means it passed through the entire nineteenth and twentieth centuries entirely unrecorded, folded quietly into the agricultural landscape around it.

The enclosure came to light through aerial photography, where cropmarks, the subtle differences in crop growth caused by buried features affecting soil moisture and nutrients, traced the full circular form clearly on Digital Globe and earlier OSI aerial photographs. The question of what exactly it was became more pressing in late September 2017, when skeletal material turned up in the plough soil after the field was turned over around the winter of 2016. The human remains came from inside the cropmark, pointing toward the possibility that the monument was a large barrow or ring-ditch, the kind of prehistoric funerary enclosure where the dead were interred within or beneath a circular earthwork. Further support for the enclosure's outline came from an unexpected source: the 1838 edition of the OS six-inch map shows a field boundary running north-east to south-west across this area, now itself levelled, which kinks outward in a semi-circular curve precisely at the location of the cropmark. That bend in the old fence line suggests the field boundary was aligned to, or even incorporated into, the edge of the much older circular form beneath it. A monument invisible to nineteenth-century surveyors had nevertheless quietly shaped how people divided the land above it for generations.

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