Enclosure (Large), Ballingowan, Co. Kerry

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Enclosures

Enclosure (Large), Ballingowan, Co. Kerry

On the eastern outskirts of Tralee, on a limestone outcrop near Ballingowan, a large oval enclosure sits largely unnoticed beneath a modern field boundary.

It measures roughly 155 metres from east to west and 104 metres from north to south, giving it an egg-like shape with the narrower end pointing west. What makes the site particularly curious is that the dry-stone wall running along most of its perimeter is not really a wall in the ordinary sense; it is a modern construction built directly on top of, and in some places cannibalising, a much older stone and earth bank. The landowner confirmed that much of the material used to build the wall was simply taken from the ancient bank itself, a quiet act of unknowing demolition that has, paradoxically, helped preserve the outline of the original structure.

The site was first described by archaeologist Michael Connolly in his 2008 PhD thesis on prehistoric settlement in the Lee Valley, Tralee, submitted to University College Cork, and it had not previously appeared in any formal record. Where the modern wall has not entirely absorbed it, the underlying bank can still be read in the landscape. On the southern side it averages around 4.5 metres wide and just 0.35 metres high externally, but at the eastern end, where it takes the form of an enhanced scarp, a naturally steep slope on the edge of the limestone ridge amplifies its height to roughly 1.2 metres on the outside face. Immediately inside the bank, the exposed bedrock shows signs of quarrying, with pits and depressions suggesting that material was extracted on the spot to construct the bank itself. There is no evidence of a surrounding ditch, which distinguishes it from many comparable enclosures. Unusually, the structure overlaps and cuts across an earlier enclosure at a point about 50 metres from its western end, indicating that the site sits within a layered prehistoric landscape where one monument was deliberately placed over or against another.

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