Enclosure (Large), Bodenstown, Co. Kildare

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Enclosures

Enclosure (Large), Bodenstown, Co. Kildare

In a field near Bodenstown in County Kildare, something large and old is pressing up through the soil, invisible to anyone walking past but legible from the sky. A cropmark, roughly 72 metres across and subcircular in shape, was identified in Google Earth aerial photography taken in the summer of 2018. Cropmarks appear when buried features, such as the ditches or banks of ancient enclosures, influence how crops or grass grow above them; soil that was once disturbed tends to retain moisture differently, causing the vegetation overhead to ripen or wither at a slightly different rate than the surrounding land. From altitude, this difference in colour or growth registers as a ghost of whatever structure once stood or was dug there.

The enclosure at Bodenstown sits in a county with considerable archaeological depth, not far from the site most commonly associated with Theobald Wolfe Tone, the republican leader buried in the village churchyard. But this particular feature has nothing to do with that history. A subcircular enclosure of 72 metres in diameter is a substantial thing; comparable earthworks elsewhere in Ireland date variously to the prehistoric, early medieval, or early Christian periods, and without excavation it is not possible to say what purpose this one served. It may have been a ringfort, a type of enclosed farmstead common in early medieval Ireland, or something older still. The cropmark was spotted and recorded in 2018 and 2019, with the identification credited to Seán Sourke.

Because the enclosure exists only as a cropmark, there is nothing to see on the ground. The best conditions for cropmark visibility tend to be dry summers, when the differential in moisture stress between disturbed and undisturbed soil is most pronounced, which is why the June 2018 imagery captured it so clearly. It is the kind of site that rewards looking at maps and aerial photographs rather than making a visit.

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