Enclosure (Large), Clomantagh, Co. Kilkenny
Co. Kilkenny |
Enclosures
On the lower south-eastern slopes of Clomantagh Hill in County Kilkenny, there is a large oval enclosure that never made it onto any Ordnance Survey map.
Measuring roughly 85 metres along its north-east to south-west axis and about 68 metres across, it is defined by a low earthen bank or scarp, the kind of subtle feature that can vanish entirely into ordinary farmland when viewed from ground level. The fact that it went unrecorded by nineteenth-century cartographers, and only came to wider attention through close reading of satellite imagery, gives it a particular kind of anonymity, the anonymity of something that has simply been there, quietly, for a very long time.
The enclosure was identified and reported by Jean-Charles Caillère, whose scrutiny of aerial and satellite photography brought it into the archaeological record. Enclosures of this general type, large oval or sub-circular areas defined by a bank, are found across Ireland and can belong to a wide range of periods and functions, from early medieval ringforts to prehistoric field systems, though the specific date and purpose of this one remain unknown. What the nineteenth-century Ordnance Survey did record in the same area, on the first edition six-inch map, was a small quarry with a limekiln in the north-eastern sector of the enclosure. A limekiln is a stone-built structure used to burn limestone and produce quicklime, which was spread on fields to improve soil. The quarry has left a visible scar in the north-eastern part of the enclosure, a reminder that later agricultural activity worked across and through whatever was already there, without those earlier earthworks ever being formally noted or named.