Enclosure (Large), Cloonyscrehane, Co. Limerick
Co. Limerick |
Enclosures
A large circular enclosure sits in reclaimed pasture in County Limerick, invisible to anyone walking past it, invisible even on the Ordnance Survey's historic maps, and yet unmistakably there, once you know where to look.
The monument has been levelled so thoroughly that no earthwork remains above the ground surface, but from the air the buried archaeology announces itself through cropmarks, the differential growth of grass and crops over buried ditches and banks that betrays the outline of structures long since erased at ground level. It is the kind of site that rewards patience and a good satellite image rather than a pair of walking boots.
The enclosure was identified by Faith Bailey through examination of aerial photographs, specifically a Bing Maps aerial image taken in August 2018, and was compiled into the record by Fiona Rooney, uploaded in April 2021. The site measures approximately 61 metres north to south and 58 metres east to west, defined originally by a fosse, which is simply a ditch, and a slight accompanying bank. A fosse-and-bank arrangement of this scale is broadly consistent with an enclosed settlement of early medieval type, though without excavation the function and date remain uncertain. On earlier Ordnance Survey orthophotographs taken between 2005 and 2012, and on Google Earth imagery, a circular cropmark of around 30 metres in diameter is also visible, intersected at its south-east by a linear cropmark running north to south, suggesting the site may be more complex than a single-phase enclosure. A ringfort, a type of enclosed farmstead common across early medieval Ireland, lies some 280 metres to the south-west, hinting at a broader pattern of past settlement activity across this stretch of the Deel valley.
The site lies 75 metres east of a watercourse that marks the townland boundary with Cloonyscrehane and 125 metres west of the River Deel, occupying low-lying ground that has since been converted to pasture. Because it has no surface expression whatsoever, there is nothing to see on foot; the enclosure reveals itself only through aerial or satellite imagery, ideally examined during dry summer conditions when cropmarks are most pronounced. The Bing aerial photograph from August 2018 and the available Google Earth orthoimages remain the most useful means of studying the site's form.