Enclosure (Large), Manninard, Co. Galway

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Enclosures

Enclosure (Large), Manninard, Co. Galway

In a field in Manninard, County Galway, the land does something quietly unexpected: it rises just enough to hold the outline of a very large prehistoric or early medieval enclosure, its earthen banks still legible after what may be well over a thousand years of agricultural use.

At roughly 96 metres north to south and 71 metres east to west, the enclosure is considerably larger than the typical ringfort, those circular earthen enclosures that once served as farmsteads across early medieval Ireland. Its shape is trapezoidal rather than round, narrowing towards the south-east, which sets it apart from the more familiar rounded forms scattered across the Irish countryside.

The enclosure is defined by an earthen bank and an external fosse, a defensive or boundary ditch dug around the outside. The fosse survives only along the western side, though the bank itself remains fairly well preserved across the site. What makes this place slightly puzzling is what lies within it. An internal earthen bank running roughly east-north-east to west-south-west may have been part of the original design, perhaps dividing the enclosed space for separate uses, though its relationship to the outer works is not fully established. A later field boundary cuts across the interior from north-north-west to south-south-east, suggesting that at some point the old enclosure was absorbed into the working landscape of the surrounding farmland, its ancient boundaries quietly repurposed as convenient markers between fields. The site was recorded by McCaffrey in 1952.

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