Enclosure (Large), Newtown, Co. Galway

Co. Galway |

Enclosures

Enclosure (Large), Newtown, Co. Galway

On a ridge running northeast to southwest in County Galway, an unusually large circular enclosure sits in a state of considerable preservation.

At roughly 97 metres in diameter, it is well beyond the scale of a typical ringfort, and its defining features, two earthen banks separated by a fosse, a ditch dug to create a raised defensive or boundary barrier, remain clearly legible in the landscape. The fosse is best preserved along the northern arc, where the outer bank can be traced from the northwest through to the east-southeast, giving the site a commanding presence on the high ground it occupies.

What adds a quiet layer of complexity to the monument is the evidence of later use overlaid on its earlier form. The 1838 edition of the Ordnance Survey six-inch map records a trackway cutting through the enclosure on a roughly east-southeast to west-northwest alignment, and wide gaps in the banks, measuring around 10.5 metres and 9.8 metres respectively at each end of this line, may well be original entranceways that made the route a natural passage long before it was mapped. A field wall now follows this same alignment, a practical inheritance that has both obscured and, in its own way, preserved the memory of the older route. Close by, within about 70 to 177 metres to the south and southwest, two raths sit on the same broad landscape. A rath is a ringfort of the kind common across early medieval Ireland, typically a single bank enclosing a farmstead, and their proximity here suggests this area was a focus of sustained settlement and activity rather than an isolated curiosity on a Galway ridge.

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Pete F
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