Enclosure, Leagane, Co. Limerick

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Leagane, Co. Limerick

What looks, from the air, like a subtle swelling in the grass turns out to be something considerably older than the reclaimed pasture surrounding it.

Sitting roughly 115 metres east of the road that marks the townland boundary with Tobernae West, this oval earthwork in Leagane, Co. Limerick is the kind of site that farmland has a habit of quietly absorbing. The enclosure is not signposted, not fenced off, and not particularly legible at ground level, yet aerial imagery taken between 2011 and 2013 shows its scrub-covered outline with reasonable clarity, a ghostly ring persisting in the landscape long after the fields around it were reshaped.

The site first appears on the Ordnance Survey six-inch map of 1840, recorded there as a circular enclosure, which places it within the broad family of ringforts, the most common type of early medieval settlement monument in Ireland. A ringfort, typically, is a roughly circular area enclosed by one or more earthen banks and ditches, used as a farmstead or place of refuge. By the time the OSi resurveyed the area for the 25-inch map of 1897, the monument was described as a raised oval-shaped area, measuring approximately 29 metres on its northeast to southwest axis and 26 metres northwest to southeast. It was defined by a scarp, a fosse (that is, a ditch), and an external bank running from the southeast around through south and west to north. Two later intrusions have complicated the picture: a stream running north to south has truncated the eastern side, and a field boundary running east to west cuts across the southern portion. Both are the kind of incremental agricultural adjustments that have altered or erased countless similar sites across the country.

Access is across working farmland, so any visit should be approached with that in mind; landowner permission is the courteous and practical starting point. The enclosure lies in reclaimed pasture, meaning the ground underfoot may be soft depending on the season, and the monument itself carries a covering of scrub which obscures the earthworks at close range. The eastern arc in particular has been worn away by the adjacent stream, so the clearest surviving evidence of the bank and fosse lies to the south and west. Consulting the relevant OSi historical maps beforehand, both the 1840 and 1897 editions are freely available through the OSi Ireland website, gives a useful sense of how the shape has shifted between recordings and what to expect once you are standing in the field.

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