Enclosure, Macha Ghrianáin, Co. Kerry
Co. Kerry |
Enclosures
On the Iveragh Peninsula in County Kerry, a farmyard quietly occupies ground that was once shaped very differently.
The first edition of the Ordnance Survey map, produced in the nineteenth century during one of the most systematic efforts ever made to document the Irish landscape, clearly marks a circular enclosure at this location near Macha Ghrianáin. That enclosure is now gone, absorbed into the working infrastructure of a farm.
Circular enclosures of this kind are common features of the Irish archaeological record, typically interpreted as the remains of ringforts, known in Irish as ráth or lios, which served as enclosed farmsteads during the early medieval period, roughly between the fifth and twelfth centuries. They were built in their thousands across the island, and their circular outlines have a tendency to survive in the landscape long after their original purpose has been forgotten, preserved as earthen banks, as faint crop marks, or simply as a slightly raised patch of ground that farmers worked around rather than through. At Macha Ghrianáin, that survival did not happen. The farmyard that replaced it follows its own practical geometry, and the circular form recorded by the Ordnance Survey surveyors has been lost to the demands of agricultural use.