Enclosure, Moneygurney, Co. Cork

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Moneygurney, Co. Cork

At Moneygurney in County Cork, a field of pasture conceals something that only reveals itself under particular conditions.

When the ground is ploughed, a faint oval shape emerges as a soilmark, the buried remnant of an enclosure roughly 72 metres north to south and 57.5 metres east to west. For most of the year, standing at the field's edge on its gently east-south-east-facing slope, you would see nothing out of the ordinary.

Enclosures of this kind are among the most common yet least understood features of the Irish archaeological landscape. They could represent the footprint of a ringfort, a type of enclosed farmstead built and occupied throughout the early medieval period, or something considerably older. What survives at Moneygurney is described as a very low undulation running from the north-west to the south-west of the oval, meaning the original bank or boundary has been reduced to barely a whisper above ground level. The soilmark visible in a ploughed field occurs because the buried fill of a ditch or the compacted remnants of an earthwork hold moisture and nutrients differently from the surrounding subsoil, causing crops or disturbed earth to respond in a way that traces the original outline. That the shape is still legible at all, given how little remains on the surface, speaks to how much archaeology persists quietly beneath ordinary farmland.

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