Enclosure, Mountcoal, Co. Kerry

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Enclosures

Enclosure, Mountcoal, Co. Kerry

On a hilltop in Mountcoal, Co. Kerry, a barely legible earthwork marks what was once a rath, the type of circular enclosure that served as a defended farmstead during early medieval Ireland.

Most raths survive as recognisable rings of bank and ditch, but this one has been so thoroughly levelled and altered over the centuries that it reads now as little more than a raised oval platform, sitting roughly 2.2 metres above the surrounding ground. A fieldbank cuts across the western side, running northeast to southwest, which has further obscured the original form. To the southwest, a short stretch of the original enclosing bank survives for about 14 metres, running to around 9 metres wide and just 0.6 metres high. The interior slopes gently to the southeast. Measuring approximately 24 metres north to south and 32 metres east to west internally, the enclosure was once a reasonably substantial one.

The site sits at the top of a hill with open views in every direction, which is itself a clue to its original purpose. High, defensible ground with clear sightlines was a practical choice for whoever built and occupied this enclosure, likely sometime in the early medieval period when raths were being established across the Irish countryside in their thousands. About 5 metres to the east, a quarry has left its own mark on the landscape, and together the quarry and the intruding fieldbank suggest a long history of the land being turned to other uses, each one gradually eroding what came before. The site was recorded in the North Kerry Archaeological Survey, compiled by C. Toal and published in 1995, which catalogued this and hundreds of similar monuments across the region.

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Pete F
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