Enclosure, Moyle Big, Co. Carlow
Co. Carlow |
Enclosures
In the tillage fields of Moyle Big, a five-sided enclosure lies invisible at ground level, betraying itself only from the air.
The site is defined by a fosse, a defensive or boundary ditch, and its roughly pentagonal outline, measuring approximately 56 metres across its longest axis, shows up as a cropmark on aerial and satellite imagery. Cropmarks form when buried features such as ditches retain moisture differently from the surrounding soil, causing the crops above them to grow at slightly different rates, producing patterns legible only at altitude. It was through precisely this kind of satellite observation that researcher Jean-Charles Caillère identified and reported the site.
The enclosure does not stand alone in what the landscape beneath these fields has to offer. During construction of the M9 motorway, which now runs within about ten metres of the enclosure's south-eastern edge, archaeologists excavated two significant sites nearby. An Early Bronze Age cremation pit was found approximately 40 metres to the south, pointing to funerary activity in the area perhaps four thousand years ago. An Iron Age metalworking site was uncovered roughly the same distance to the south-east, suggesting the land was also a place of craft and industry in later prehistory. The enclosure itself has not been excavated, and its date and precise function remain unassigned; the pentagonal shape is irregular enough to resist easy classification. Two streams run to the west, their courses also visible as cropmarks, adding to the impression of a site that was once carefully positioned in relation to its immediate terrain.