Enclosure, Rath, Co. Waterford
Co. Waterford |
Enclosures
Some archaeological sites announce themselves with earthworks, standing stones, or grassy banks you can walk around and touch. This one exists, for now, mainly as a shadow in a field. On low-lying pasture in County Waterford, a circular enclosure roughly forty metres across leaves no visible trace at ground level, but from the air its outline emerges as a cropmark, the faint differential in how grass or grain grows above disturbed or compacted soil betraying the buried ring beneath.
Cropmark sites like this one are typically the remnants of a rath, a type of circular enclosure, usually defined by an earthen bank and ditch, that was the standard form of rural settlement in early medieval Ireland. Thousands were built, and many have since been levelled by centuries of ploughing, leaving only the cut of the original ditch in the subsoil to register in dry summers when aerial photographers happen to pass overhead. This particular enclosure came to notice through aerial photographs referenced in the county's archaeological inventory, its diameter placing it within the range typical of a single-farmstead rath, the kind that would once have enclosed a homestead, its outbuildings, and perhaps a small area of garden ground.